Automatic cut-out for electric lamps



(No Model.)

B. R. KNOWLES. AUTOMATIC CUT-CUT FOR ELECTRIC LAMPS. No. 403,941.Patented May 28, 1889.

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e If F II W k} UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDIYARD R. KNOXVL'ES, OF BROOKLYN, NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE MUTUALELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEIV YORK.

AUTOMATIC CUT-OUT FOR ELECTRIC LAMPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,941, dated May 28,1889.

Application filed March 23, 1886. Renewed July 25, 1887. Serial No.245,275. (No model.)

To all whom it may consent." ing regulated by adjustment of aset-screw,d.

Be it known that I, EDWARD R. KNOWLES, At the point a; two branch wiresare in coma citizen of the United States, residing at munication withthe main wire a. One of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State thesewires 6 passes around the iron core of 55 of New York, have inventedcertain new and the magnet C, so as to form its exciting-bobusefulImprovements in Automatic Out-Outs bin, and, emerging, joins theline-wire b at y. for Electric Lamps, of which the following is Thisbobbin is of high resistance. The other a full, clear, and exactdescription. wire, f, runs from so to the frame E, with which Thisinvention relates to a certain novel it is connected electrically at anyconvenient 6o 10 automatic cut-out for electric lamps, the obpoint, asat z. The magnet O is wound with ject being to provide means forautomatically a coil of wire, g, of lower resistance than the throwing alamp out of circuit, when, by failmagnet C. One end of this coil passesthrough ure of its carbons to approach each other from an aperture inthe core at 1*, being insulated any cause, the resistance of the arc isunduly from the metal of said core, and the other end 65 I5 increased.It is well known that when the of the coil connects, as shown, with thelineare becomes too long its resistance is so great wire at y. By thisarrangement the wire of as to reduce the current and consequently thethe magnet 0, connected at .r and y, forms a illuminatingpower, thusaflfecting the brilloop or shunt of high resistance across the are,liancy of every lamp in the circuit. By this and in the ordinaryoperation of the lamp a 70 2o invention I seek to obviate thisdifficulty; and slight current passes through this wire, but

to this end my invention consists in the comnot enough to cause anymovement in the pivbination of a fixed electro-magnet of comparaotedmagnet. The relation of parts in this tively low resistance with amovable electrostate is shown by full lines in the drawing. magnet ofcomparatively high resistance, the If the distance between the carbonpoints 75 latter, when strongly excited, moving upward is increased fromany cause to too great an and completing the circuit through the coilextent, the resistance of the arc is greatly augof the fixed magnet, andin the details of the mented, and this throws more current into theimprovement, all as hereinafter particularly shunt-wire e, thatconstitutes the excitingset. forth and claimed. wire of the magnet O. Asthe magnetism of 8o In the accompanying drawing, which is a the core ofsaid magnet increases, it swings on side elevation of a lamp having myinvention its pivot under the influence of its attraction appliedthereto,A designates the box or frame toward the core of the magnet O,and, swinginclosin g the machinery of an arc lamp, whose in g upward, itstrikes against the protruding main regulating-magnet is represented by13. end of the core-wire at "u, coming into elec- 85 The line-wire apasses through the regulating trical connection therewith. Thiscompletes mechanism, then through the uppeg' and lower the circuit from.ct by f to the frame E, thence carbons, and thence, as shown by b 1),leaves through the frame and core of the magnet O to the lamp. the endof the wire g at 'v, and thence through E designates the metalbase-plate, which the coil of the magnet O to y and the line- 0 40 maybe secured to any convenient point of wire I). It will thus be seen thatwhen this attachment. This base-plate E carriesafixed connection is madethe magnet C instantly electro-magnet, O, of comparatively lowresistbecomes strongly excited and holds the magance, and apivotedelectro-1nagnet,O, of comnot 0 up, maintaining the connection, andparatively high resistance, both having iron giving passage for thecurrent. The magnet 95 cores. The core of the magnet O is in metal- 0,as a high-resistance shunt, again becomes lie communication at its baseor pivot c with comparatively passive, but is still retained in thebase-plate E, and on this pivot the magits upward posit-ion by themagnet O. not C swings up and down, its upward posi- \Vhat I claim as myinvention, and desire tion being indicated by dotted lines, and the tosecure by Letters Patent, is- I00 extent of its fall or downwardmovement by 1. In an automatic cut-out for a line-cirfull lines, andsaid. downward movement becuit, the combination of a fixed electro-magnet wound with a coil of comparatively low resistance connected to theline-wire in a normally-openshunt, and a vibrating electromagnet ofcomparatively high resistance having an exciting-bobbin connected to theline- Wire in a normally-closed shunt, the vibrating magnet beingpivoted in close proximity to the fixed magnet,whereby, when stronglyexcited, the vibrating magnet will contact with and complete the circuitthrough the fixed magnet, as and for the purpose set forth.

2, In an automatic cut-out for a line-circuit, the combination of afixed electro-inagnet wound with a coil of comparatively low resistanceconnected in a normally-open shunt at one end to the line-wire andhaving its other end free and projecting from the core but insulatedtherefrom, and a vibrating shunt electro-magnet having a bobbin ofcomparatively high resistance connected to the line-wire in a shuntaround the lamp, said vibrating magnet being pivoted in close proximityto the fixed magnet, whereby, when the resistance of the arc isincreased, the vibrating magnet will come in contact with the fixedmagnet and complete the circuit through the same, 'as and for thepurpose set forth.

3; The combination of the fixed electro-magnet 0, having one end of itswire 9 connected to the outgoing line, and the other end insulated andprotruding from the pole at n, and the frame E, connected to theincoming line, with the vibrating shunt electro-magnet 0 located inproximity to the fixed magnet and in electrical contact with the frameE, substantially as described.

4. A cut-out or protecting shunt for a linecircuit, comprising a fixedelectro-magnet, O, wound with a coil of wire, 9*, of low resistance, oneend of which passes through an aperture in the core at o arfd isinsulated from the metal of said core, and the other end of which isconnected with the line-wire at y, in combination with the vibratingmagnet O, and the bobbin 6, passing around the core of said magnet andconnected to the line at w and y, forming a loop or shunt of highresistance, substantially as set forth, for the purpose specified. V v

5. In an automatic cut-out for a line-circuit, the combination of afixed electro-magnet wound with a coil of comparatively low resistanceconnected at each end to the linewire in a normally-open shunt, and avibrating electro-magnet pivoted in close proximity to the fixed magnetand encircled by a bobbin of comparatively high resistance connected tothe incoming and outgoing line-wire at its respective ends, constitutinga loop or shunt of comparatively high resistance across the arc,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 9th day ofFebruary, A. D. 1886.

EDlVARD R. KNOWLES.

